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Details The Lifetime Achievement Award Annasaheb Bhavu Udgavi Belgaum, Karnataka First recognized in childhood by Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru, then Prime Minister of India in sixties, Annasaheb has been a serial inventor. He made a foldable horizontal charkha in 1962 which could be packed into a box. It was later modified into ambar charkha. He tried an indigenous drip irrigation system in the mid seventies, much before the concept was popular in the country. Recognising the need to develop water saving device, developed in eighties a rotor sprinkler rain gun which a few industries adopted (without giving him the share of benefits). It could sprinkle water up to a radius of 140 feet. The water droplets helped in controlling pests by washing the eggs of insects. As if that was not enough, he also got a state award for developing a high yielding variety of sugarcane ‘Gangavathi-6081’. Curiosity could never get better of him. He travelled 800 km to Goa to test his device to generate electricity through sea waves eight years ago. He also developed a rotovator for sugarcane mulching and trashing and earthing. What a life! Always smiling, Annasaheb still has many more new ideas up his sleeve. Posthumous award Tree climber: a grassroots innovation going global Late M J Joseph alias Appachan Kannur, Kerala M J Joseph had developed a device under the guidance of his father that helps in climbing coconut or areca nut trees. The palm climber consists of two metal loops that are meant for holding the legs. A film made on his innovation by Discovery Channel is very popular(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zWo9Nh1TgyU). Recently, both the innovator and his father unfortunately passed away. NIF facilitated sale of his climber to customers in USA, Maldives, Thailand, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, etc. His widow and brother are still continuing with the production of the climbers. Some of the state and other agencies have copied it without any benefit sharing. Given the increasing labour constraints, its social value has increased over time. Multi purpose processing machine Dharamveer Kamboj Yamuna Nagar, Haryana Extraction of juice/pulp, essential oils, etc., from various edible and non-edible fruits and herbs is an essential requirement of Food and Pharma Industry. This multipurpose portable processing machine works on a single phase motor and is useful for processing various fruits, herbs and seeds. It also works as big pressure cooker with temperature control and auto cut-off facility. One can extract essential oils and other components from flowers and medicinal plants. The machine is available in two models with juice extraction capacities of 50 kg/h and 150 kg/h of fruits/herbs respectively. It can be used for processing Aloe vera, mango, amla, tulsi, ashwagandha, satavar, other herbs, flowers like rose, chameli, lavender, etc. Farmers find it very useful for in situ value addition in their produce thereby ensuring better returns. Dharamveer has sold more than 150 machines in different parts of the country. Bamboo splint making machine Paresh Panchal Ahmedabad, Gujarat Bamboo sticks are major raw material used in the Agarbatti industry. For making incense stick, electric high capacity machines are available, but not low powered machines for the rural poor who use knife for the purpose. Paresh has developed a set of two machines, one for stripping the bamboo pieces and second for making incense sticks out of them. The capacity is about 30 kg/day (3200-3500 sticks of 1.5 mm thickness per kg). The blade life is about 10000 kg sticks (10-12 months). Both the machines are easy to operate & maintain, and most suitable for rural areas. He has both manual and powered versions. Bamboo stripper cum splinter Lalbiakzuala Ralte & Lalpiangliana Sailo Aizawl, Mizoram Bamboo splint making has been done manually for years using knives, which is a tedious, time consuming and risky method. Ralte and Sailo have developed a manual machine that can slice bamboo strips and also make splints from the strips. About 50 of these strips of 1.2 mm thickness are stacked together and loaded onto the machine vertically. Using this machine, a person can make approximately 5000 splints of the same thickness per hour. Tractor operated reaper windrower with reel Bhagwan Singh Dangi Vidisha, Madhya Pradesh Often, in a standing crop, soybean pods shatter due to non-availability of labour for harvesting the crop in time, leading to reduced yield and loss. To solve this problem, Bhagwan Singh developed a self-propelled reaper windrower in 2005. With the help of NIF, he later modified this into a front mounted attachment for tractor. In this machine, a windrowing unit facilitates gathering of harvested crop at the centre of the machine. It has a cutting width 2.25 m and field capacity of 0.35 ha (at a forward speed of 1.93 -2.10 km/h). As per tests in the soybean crop at CIAE (ICAR) Bhopal, harvesting losses have been found to be at 1.04% with negligible uncut losses. Serial Innovator: Walnut cracker, walnut peeler, tree cum pole climber and others Mushtaq Ahmad Dar Anantnag, Jammu & Kashmir Manually cracking open dry walnuts take a lot of time and effort while the sap of green walnut skin burns hands and stains clothes while peeling. Mushtaq Ahmad Dar has come up with machine that not only peels green walnuts but also breaks open dry walnuts of varying sizes. The cracker can process approximately 80 kg of walnuts/h with an efficiency of about 85 per cent while the peeler has a capacity of 70 kg of green walnuts/h. Dar has also developed a tree and pole climber. This is a small portable device which enables easy climbing on trees or poles. It uses body weight to lock the climbing steps. The device is light, inexpensive and easy to maintain. The technology was also licensed to an entrepreneur in Ahmedabad (India Innovatix), who has come up with an improved version of the climber in consultation with Mushtaq. Serial Innovator: Natural water cooler, auto air kick pump, auto compression sprayer and others Arvindbhai Patel Ahmedabad, Gujarat Arvindbhai Patel is a serial innovator and has come up with a number of innovations, a few of which have also been licensed multiple times. The natural water cooler is a low cost, energy efficient, environment friendly device based on the principle of heat exchange. Evaporative cooling depends upon the external temperature and humidity. The cooler has been tested by SPRERI (MNRE Approved Test Laboratory) and is available in different capacities (upto 150 l). He has also developed an auto air kick pump, which is a device to inflate the tyres of vehicles having kick or auto start mechanism. The pressure generated inside the compressor is used for filling the air in the tube with the help of this auto air pump. His auto compression sprayer makes use of the body movements while walking to oscillate a dead weight attached to the sprayer. This builds sufficient pressure for spraying pesticides. He has developed innovative tongs for household use too. Serial Innovator: Windmill, modified stove and others Bharatbhai Agrawat Junagadh, Gujarat Bharat started helping his father in repairing agriculture implements since he was in 6th standard. He has built many devices including an innovative windmill for lifting water from wells, a 5 HP power tiller cum tractor, a lemon cutter and a cactus fruit collector among others. The windmill uses single acting and double acting reciprocating pumps depending on discharge requirement and can pump out 2000-2200 litres of water per hour. The modified stove has three different chambers to maximise the utilisation of the heat produced during fuel combustion. He has also been working on a compressed air system for pumping ground water and power generation through windmill. Serial Innovator: Geared rickshaw, e-bicycle, bicycle that speeds up after bumps and others Kanak Das Morigaon, Assam A conventional rickshaw is difficult to pull over inclined terrain. Kanak Das has modified the conventional cycle rickshaw by incorporating a gear, making it easier to pull. The gear shift is more easily enabled by a clutch mechanism compared to the earlier geared rickshaw. He has earlier been recognised for modifying a bicycle to move faster on a bumpy road by harnessing the energy in shock absorption. He also developed an e-Bike, where potential energy due to the weight of the rider on a bumpy road is stored in a battery. This can be used to run the bicycle or for any other task. He has also modified a power tiller and developed a paddy thresher, and has many more technological ideas to his credit. Double shuttle loom Ngangom Nabakumar Singh Bishnupur, Manipur Noticing the problems in traditional shuttle loom, Nabakumar thought of improving it to enhance productivity and reduce labour. His ‘double shuttle loom’ works on the same principle as that of any other standard manual shuttle loom. However, his loom is wider with the provision for two sets of warp rolls doubling the output in the same time. Certain changes in the configuration and the use of a ball bearing system have made this loom easier to operate than other conventional looms. Manual paddy transplanter Ranjit Mirig Sambalpur, Orissa Facing labour scarcity for transplanting paddy seedlings in the field, Ranjit developed a paddy transplanter. He developed the first prototype in 1986 and kept on modifying it till he could develop a successful model in 2008. Facilitated by NIF, the transplanter has been further modified with the help of IIT Kharagpur. Transplanting five rows in a go, the machine has a field capacity of 0.3 acre/hr and requires two persons for its operation. Mobile groundnut thresher cum collector Mohanbhai Savjibhai Patel Surendranagar, Gujarat After digging, the harvested groundnut crop is left to dry in the field. Using conventional threshers, a lot of manpower is needed to collect the harvested groundnut crop at one location. Mohanbhai suffered losses due to the inability to collect the already dug up pods in time, given scarcity of labour. To overcome these problems, he developed a tractor mounted PTO powered mobile thresher, which has a separate chamber for the collection of groundnut pods and stalk. Six persons are required for threshing four tons of crop in a day using this machine as compared to 20-22 persons for threshing using conventional machines. Fuel efficient water heater Durlabh Singh Puri  Solan, Himachal Pradesh Living in a cold hilly area, Durlabh Singh had a conventional hamam, or water-heater, which used wood as fuel. He observed the wastage of heat in conventional hamams and came with his improved version. His water heater uses the radiated heat and smoke to heat additional water to different temperatures. The water then can be drained out through multiple outlets. The thermal efficiency of this water heater is 58% as against 38.5% in conventional hamams with the CO/CO2 ratio (0.035) being within the prescribed safety limit (0.040). Paddy husk fuelled stove Ashok Thakur East Champaran, Bihar Ashok observed in his area that a large amount of paddy husk was discarded as agricultural waste. He modified a common stove using wood dust as fuel for using paddy husk instead. The stove weighs about four kilograms and consumes one kilogram of paddy husk in an hour. TERI University during tests found its thermal efficiency to be 23% in cold & hot start and 32% during simmering. Over 400 paddy husk stoves have been sold locally. Innovative printer head for golden embossing Ravindra Ganpat Chopade Mumbai, Maharashtra With increasing work load, Ravindra started searching for alternatives to conventional punching type method for golden embossing on student thesis and project reports. Failing to find any such machine in the market, he decided to make it himself. His machine is a XY plotter with a modified soldering iron as the writing head. Located near IIT Mumbai, he decorates the work of techies and that’s how NIF discovered him. The formal system may become more open if every technology institute starts discovering creative people in their hinterland. Tender coconut breaking cum coconut water cooling machine Mahadeviah Vinod Bangalore, Karnataka The innovator has developed a machine that breaks a tender coconut, draws out its water and cools it instantaneously. The cutter has been customised for cracking the coconut. The coconut water passes the cooler through the collecting tray. Then it passes through ice covered pipes and gets cooled to about 14-15 0C. At its maximum capacity, the machine can cool about 400 glasses (200 ml) of coconut water. Fish dryer Devan Singh Imphal West, Manipur Traditional sun-drying of fish is a time consuming process where the fish also needs to be protected from animals while drying. The innovator has developed a closed vessel dryer that dries the fish uniformly in a significantly lower time than the traditional method.The dryer uses charcoal and paddy husk as fuel and is available in three models with capacities ranging between 3-10 kg/h. Low cost remote control for electric switches Bommagani Mallesh Nalagonda, Andhra Pradesh Mallesh has made a remote device to operate electric switches to help his old mother who was unable to get up to do the same. In the present model of his remote, five electric switches can be operated. Using the remote one can also regulate the speed of the fan. While similar switches may be available in the market, Mallesh sells them at an extremely affordable cost. Natural non stick pan (Hariyali Handi) Dhanak and Bhil communities Parts of Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh To provide non-stick coating on their clay utensils, traditionally these communities have been using naturally available lac obtained from the secretion of an insect Laccifer lacca, growing on the Pohim tree. Lac generally contains resins (70-80%), sugars, proteins and soluble salts (2-4%), wax (4-6%) and other extraneous matter (9-14%). Scientific evidence proves that it is non-toxic. The innovation lies in the selection of a particular kind of lac and the process of applying it on the clay surface using natural binding agents. Electric loom for manufacturing bandages Salam Rajesh Kumar Singh Imphal, Manipur Rajesh has been running a bandage manufacturing unit since 1999. With increasing demand, it became difficult for him to meet it due to shortage of skilled weavers for his eight semi-automatic looms. He then developed an automatic handloom by modifying a manual one and incorporating a half HP single-phase motor. The machine has provision to vary shuttle speeds depending on the type of cloth being weaved. Auto rickshaw suitable for lower limb physically challenged K. S. Sudheer Thrissur, Kerala Sudheer has a physically challenged friend who lost his lower limbs in an accident. To help his friend earn his livelihood, he modified an auto rickshaw so that it can be controlled using hands only. He has attached the brake assembly to the steering handle using a hydraulic cylinder. The brakes are applied by pressing the steering handle of the auto rickshaw downwards. This innovation can help many more physically challenged people to be self-reliant. Modified knapsack sprayer Mohan Muktaji Lamb Beed, Maharashtra Mohan observed that many of the existing sprayers are difficult to operate and the nozzle gets blocked frequently. The pressure also dropped after short spell of use. He has made certain modifications in the knapsack sprayer, which include changes in pressure reservoir, resulting in higher pressure and the provision of changing the stroke length for varying the delivery rate. Two booms can be attached to his sprayer, which can cover 1 ha/7 h with a single nozzle and over 1 ha/ 5 h with both the nozzles. Tractor operated groundnut digger Sanjay Kumar D Tilwa Rajkot, Gujarat The innovator saw people facing labour scarcity during groundnut harvesting, which itself was a tedious job. He developed a tractor mounted groundnut digger. It has a telescopic propeller shaft suitable for tractors of 35 hp and above, with a field capacity of 0.4 acre/ h. Power tiller operated turmeric harvester P Ramaraju Erode, Tamil Nadu Ramaraju noticed that in his area, people faced acute labour shortage during harvesting season of turmeric rhizomes. Delay in harvesting resulted in loss of yield and adversely affected the quality of rhizomes. He tried an available machine, and attached it to a power tiller for harvesting turmeric. But he could only obtain about 50 per cent efficiency then. He continued with his experiments and developed a prototype with field capacity of about 0.2 acre per hour and claimed efficiency of over 95 per cent. A local firm has been selling his machine (over 200 units sold) paying a royalty to him. Multi angle power weeder P R Nadaraj Erode, Tamil Nadu While developing the weeder, Nadaraj used to experiment with different arrangement of blades to observe the nature of soil turning. He finally designed the multi angle weeder suitable for crops at different growth stage. It is a self propelled diesel engine operated weeder having L-shaped blades arranged in a spiral configuration. It can be adapted to weeding at different growth stages of the plants.   Soil scrapper cum loader Resham Singh Virdi, Hanumangarh, Rajasthan and Kuldeep Singh, Mansa, Punjab Uneven agricultural land is difficult to sow and manage. The innovator was approached by a farmer to develop a land levelling machine, like the JCB machine. After a continuous effort of many years, Resham Singh succeeded in making this machine, which could not only level the land but also fill tractor trailers with soil. His machine is a tractor (>50 hp) PTO operated machine with cutting depth of 10 cm and width of 120 cm. It takes about two minutes to fill an 11 ft x 6 ft x 2.25 ft size trailer consuming about 5-6 l of fuel per hour. He has already sold about 40 such machines. Black pepper plucking tool Pratheesh C Palakkad, Kerala Pepper is either plucked manually or using a regular nipper. A nipper drops the pepper on the ground while manual plucking damages the pepper. Pratheesh developed a plucking tool with a triangular cup below the blades to hold the cut pepper bunch. It is a simple adaptive tool but it improves efficiency without affecting quality of the harvested pepper. Raking machine for poultry farms Sureshbhai Narotambhai Patel Valsad, Gujarat Raking is necessary to keep poultry in good health. However, scarcity of labour makes manual raking difficult. To overcome this constraint, Sureshbhai developed a 1hp single phase motor operated raking machine, which can cover 15,000 sq-ft per hour employing two persons. Wind mill for house-hold power generation C. M. Subramanian Namakkal, Tamil Nadu As his new house was far away from existing electrical lines, the electricity board asked Subramanium to deposit a certain amount towards the cost of electric poles. Since it was beyond his capacity, he gave up the idea of obtaining an electric connection from the electricity board. Instead, he started working on a low cost windmill to meet his household energy needs. It cost him about Rs 70,000 to develop this windmill. It can be installed near the house or on the roof with a RCC foundation and produces 0.8-1.2 kVA (80 volt @ 10-15 A) electric power at a wind speed of 3-3.5 m/s. The turbine blades can also be stopped from rotation or the direction of rotation can be reversed from the ground itself by electric brakes. ‘Chinnar-20’- An improved drought tolerant paddy variety Smt. Ariyammal and Smt. Pushpam Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu Ariyammal, her husband (late Chinnar) and Pushpam used to cultivate ADT-46 paddy variety where they identified certain plants with a purple colour, good tillering and finer grains. Using recurrent selection method, they checked the stability of characters for five years. This variety is a short duration variety well suited for rain-fed and wetland cultivation. The variety is drought tolerant with high yielding capacity. The plants have purple pigmented leaves and culm. Therefore, weed removal is easy (this use of purple paddy plants for weed removal is well known traditional knowledge). The grains are fine and long with good cooking quality. It is being cultivated by about 50 farmers over 150 acres of land in Ramanathapuram and Sivaganga districts of Tamil Nadu. ‘Patchakai’- an improved cardamom variety L. Ramaiah Theni, Tamil Nadu During harvesting cardamom in his field, Ramaiah observed parrot green, large sized capsules. He harvested them separately and grew them the next year. After a few years, he identified a clump having a large number of bold sized capsules and a good growth habit. He started propagating suckers of these selected plants. The variety is a high yielding one (2000kg/ha-dry) where the capsules are exceptionally green in colour and bold in size, fetching premium price. This drought tolerant variety is most suitable for low elevation areas of Tamil Nadu. Improved variety of carrot (Laxmangarh Selection) Smt. Santosh Pachar Sikar, Rajasthan The carrot variety has been developed by Smt Pachar adopting the root-to-seed method of planting. The criteria of selection of carrots for seed production were: long root-length, sweetness, vermilion colour and softness. The variety is well adapted to high temperature. The length of the carrot is up to 1.5 ft with the percentage of forked roots being quite less. It is sweet in taste and fetches high market price due to its quality. Herbal preparation for controlling borer in vegetable crops Jokhu Shah East Champaran, Bihar Jokhu Shah uses fermented extract of two local plants (name withheld for IP reasons) for controlling shoot and fruit borers in vegetable crops. In the validation tests, the formulation was found to reduce the population of pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) by 38% and that of mealy bug by 52% as compared to the untreated control.It also showed a moderate larvicidal effect against the larvae of borers (Spodoptera litura and H. armigera). Herbal preparation for controlling insects and pests in paddy crop Madhav Lal Shav East Champaran, Bihar Madhav Lal uses the extract of the leaves of a local plant (name withheld for IP reasons) to control insects in vegetables, pulses and paddy. In the validation tests, the formulation was found to reduce the plant hopper population by 42% and the leaf folder population by 24% as compared to the untreated control. The herbal preparation had a moderate larvicidal effect against borers (Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera) in laboratory trials. Herbal preparation for controlling pests in paddy, bajra and vegetable crops Kodarji Kaluji Pagi Panchmahal, Gujarat Kodarji uses the leaves of a local plant (name withheld for IP reasons) with the leaves of Azadirachta indica (Neem) for effective pest control in paddy, bajra and vegetable crops. A reduction in the larval population was observed after 48 hours of spray. A reduction in fruit damage/plant as compared to the untreated control was also noted. The use of the formulation also effectively reduced the fruit and shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) population and was effective in controlling the leaf folder (Cnaphalocrocis medinalis) of paddy. The effect against borers (Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera) was found to be moderate in laboratory conditions. Herbal preparation for controlling insects and pests in paddy crop Raghunath Prasad Nirala West Champaran, Bihar Raghunath Prasad effectively controls Gundhi bug (Leptocorisa acuta), leaf hopper and other pests in paddy using extract of a local plant and ash of a part of another plant (names withheld for IP reasons). A reduction of 31% in leaf hopper and 55% in larval (H. armigera and Earias vittella) population was observed in the validation test as compared to untreated control. Also, the fruit damage in Okra was reduced by 53% as compared to the untreated control. The herbal preparation helped in in controlling the leaf folder (C. medinalis) of paddy by about 34% compared to the untreated one. The herbal preparation was also found to have moderate larvicidal effect in the lab against the larvae (Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera) . Herbal preparation for controlling insects and pests (leaf folder and stem borer) in paddy Vijay Prasad Hazaribag, Jharkhand Vijay Prasad uses the leaves of three local plants (names withheld for IP reasons) to control insect-pests in paddy crop. A 37% reduction in the population of leaf hoppers was observed as compared to the untreated control in Okra. The formulation was effective in reducing the population of larvae (77%) and fruit damage by 53% at farmer’s dose. The leaf folder (C. medinalis) of paddy was controlled up to 54% compared to the untreated one. Herbal preparation for controlling leaf folder in paddy and fruit borer in vegetable crops Rajesh Mishra East Champaran, Bihar Rajesh uses crude leaf extract of a local plant (name withheld for IP reasons) and Azadirachta indica (Neem) for controlling leaf folder in paddy and fruit borer in vegetable crops. The herbal preparation controlled leaf folder (C. medinalis) of paddy by about 51% compared to the untreated one. Herbal preparation for controlling nematode, caterpillar and mealy bug in cotton, brinjal, tomato and pigeon pea G Chandrashekhar Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh Chandrashekhar uses coconut oil extract of fruits and flowers of a local plant (name withheld for IP reasons) to control nematode, gram cater pillar and mealy bug in cotton, brinjal, tomato and pigeon pea. The formulation helped in controlling borer- H. armigera and mealy bugs significantly in the field conditions. The preparation was also effective against nematode (egg hatching) under in vitro conditions. The herbal preparation tested at SRISTI lab showed moderate larvicidal effect on borers (Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera) larvae under in vitro conditions. Herbal yield enhancer Tulsyabhai Somabhai Pavar Dang, Gujarat Tulsyabhai uses young aerial roots of a plant (name withheld for IP reasons) to increase the crop production. The validation tests demonstrate that the seeds treated with the extract of the aerial roots germinated more vigorously. Herbal preparation for controlling insect pests in agricultural crops KM Chellamuthu Erode, Tamil Nadu Chellamuthu uses a combination of plants (name withheld for IP reasons) for controlling insect pests in agricultural crops. The validation tests demonstrate significant efficacy of the herbal formulation against insect pests in different crops. Herbal medication for promoting poultry health (coccidiosis) Smt. Oinam Ibetombi Devi, Smt. Sarangthen Dasumati Devi, Smt. Nameirakpam Sanahambi Devi (Community representatives) Nambol, Manipur The healers use a local plant (name withheld due to IP reasons), which is ground and added to bird feed. The medication can be fed to the birds for four to seven days. The validation tests showed better anticoccidial efficacy in comparison to the untreated birds and the standard drug Salinomycin (in terms of minimizing intestinal lesion). A significant reduction in faecal oocyst output and mean body weight gain was observed in treated group. Herbal medication for promoting poultry health (coccidiosis) Sudhakarbhai Kauchabhai Gauli and Jeevalbhai Mavajubhai Gauli Dang, Gujarat The healers grind dry leaves of a local plant (name withheld due to IP reasons) and mix with bird feed. The test results showed that the medication minimizes the lesions due to Eimeria tenella, a disease causing protozoa for Coccidiosis. The medication was found to significantly reduce fecal oocyst output confirming its anticoccidial efficacy with significant body weight gain in the treated group. Herbal medication for bloat in animals Smt. Yasodaben Srirambhai Chaudhari, Shri Yashwantbhai Bhavanbhai Gauli and Shri Sudhakarbhai Kauchabhai Gauli Dang, Gujarat The community uses a local plant (name withheld due to IP reasons) for curing animals affected with bloat. The tests indicate enhancement in numbers and the activity of rumen microbes after the administration of the formulation. The medication was also found to substantially reduce gas production/accumulation. Herbal medication for curing mastitis (bacterial) in animal Borra Petha Rajanna & N Govindan Anantpur, Andhra Pradesh & Madurai, Tamil Nadu The healers apply the paste of a local plant (name withheld due to IP reasons) topically over the inflamed udder twice daily for two to three days. The formulation was evaluated for its efficacy in clinical mastitis caused by gram negative bacterias, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia, and gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. The clinical conditions were reported to improve after the medication was administered indicating its therapeutic efficacy. Herbal medication for curing anoestrus in cattle Khumaji Badaji Kataviya, Badaji Didaji Kataviya, Babubhai Badaji Kataviya Sabarkantha, Gujarat The healers administer a part of a local herb (name withheld due to IP reasons) to animals affected with anestrus. The animal shows signs of estrus in eight days. To validate the practice, some clinical conditions were identified with signs of flaccid uterus, smooth ovaries and with no estrus behaviour. The clinical cases were administered medication for four days. The animals resumed oestrus cycle in eight days and got inseminated.
 
Volume No. Honey Bee 23(4) & 24(1) 10-23, 2013